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Definition of 64-bit operating systems

The term 64 bits describes a generation of computers that have a 64-bit processor.To be able to take advantage of the 64-bit microprocessors, operating systems have to be specifically designed for them.A chronology of 64-bit operating system releases follows..

History of 64-bit operating systems

-1985: Cray launches UNICOS, the first implementation of a 64-bit UNIX operating system.

-1993: DEC launches the Unik-like 64-bit DEC OSF/1 AXP operating system, then renamed Tru64 UNIX, for its systems based on Alpha architecture.

-1994: Support for the MIPS R8000 processor is added to the operating system Silicon Graphics IRIX in its 6.0 version.

-1995: DEC launches OpenVMS 7.0, the first full 64-bit version of OpenVMS for Alpha.The first 64-bit Linux distribution for the Alpha architecture is released.

-1996: Support for the MIPS R4x00 processor in 64-bit mode is added in the Silicon Graphics IRIX operating system in version 6.2

-1998: Sun launches Solaris 7, with full support for the 64-bit UltraSPARC architecture.

-2000: IBM launches the z/OS operating system, a 64-bit operating system that descends from MVS, for its new 64-bit zSeries mainframe.It is almost immediately followed by a 64-bit Linux for z Systems.

-2001: Linux becomes the first kernel of an operating system to fully support the x86-64 architecture (in a simulator, since no x86-64 processor has yet been released yet).

-2001: Microsoft launches the 64-bit version of Windows XP for the IA-64 architecture of the Itanium processor, although it was able to run 32-bit applications using an execution layer.

-2003: Apple launches its Mac OS X operating system 10.3 "Panther" that adds native 64-bit arithmetic native support in PowerPC 970 processors.Multiple Linux distributions are released with support for AMD64: As Microsoft announces its plans to create a version of Windows with support for AMD64 architecture, backwards support for 32-bit applications.FreeBSD launches with support for AMD64.

-2005: Sun launches at the beginning of the year the Solaris 10 with support for AMD64 and EM64T processors.In April, Apple launched the Mac OS X 10.4 "Tiger" operating system that provides limited support for 64-bit command line applications on machines with PowerPC 970 processors; Next versions for Intel-based Macs support 64-bit command line applications on Macs with EM64T processors.In April of that year, Microsoft launched Windows XP Professional x64 Edition and Windows Server 2003 x64 Edition for AMD64 and EM64T processors.

-2006: Microsoft launches Windows Vista, including a 64-bit version for AMD64 and EM64T processors with support for 32-bit applications.In its 64-bit version, all Windows applications and components were 64 bits, anyway It also included many 32-bit applications for compatibility issues with plugins.

-2007: Apple launches the Mac OS X 10.5 "Leopard" operating system, with full support for 64-bit applications on machines with PowerPC 970 processors or EM64T.

-2009: Microsoft releases Windows 7, which includes a full 64-bit version for AMD64 and Intel 64 processors; most of the new computers bring the 64-bit version by default.The Windows Server 2008 R2 version is also released, which is the first 64-bit operating system that is released by Microsoft.As Apple releases Mac OS X 10.6, "Snow Leopard", which delivers the 64-bit kernel for AMD64 and Intel64 processors.However, only some newer Apple models run the 64-bit kernel by default.Most applications that come with Mac OS X 10.6 are 64-bit.

-2011: Apple launches its Mac OS X 10.7 operating system, "Lion", which runs the 64-bit kernel by default on computers that support it.Old computers that cannot run the 64-bit kernel, run the 32-bit one; Lion does not support machines with 32-bit processors.Almost all applications included in Mac OS X 10.7 are now 64 bits, including iTunes.

-2013: Apple releases iOs 7 which, on machines with AArch64 processors , they have a 64-bit kernel that supports 64-bit applications.

-2014: Google launches Android Lollipop, the first version of the operating system Android with support for 64-bit processors.

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